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Lathosterol-to-cholesterol ratio in serum predicts cholesterol-lowering response to plant sterol consumption in a dual-center, randomized, single-blind placebo-controlled trial
cholesterol lowering interindividual variability noncholesterol sterols plant sterols randomized controlled trial
2018/12/24
Background: Benefits of plant sterols (PS) for cholesterol lowering are compromised by large variability in efficacy across individuals. High fractional cholesterol synthesis measured by deuterium inc...
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis fails to prevent common infections in hospitalized children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis probiotics nosocomial infection prevention children
2018/12/24
Background: The incidence of nosocomial infections in children in developed countries is still high, ranging from 8% to 30%, and standard preventive measures, such as increased hygiene, are not suffic...
n–3 Long-chain PUFAs reduce respiratory morbidity caused by iron supplementation in iron-deficient South African schoolchildren: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention
iron morbidity n–3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids randomized controlled trial supplementation schoolchildren
2018/12/24
Background: Although iron supplementation in malaria-free areas mostly reduces infectious morbidity, it can sometimes increase morbidity from infections as a result of the dependence of pathogenic mic...
Issues in Conducting Randomized Controlled Trials of Health Services Research Interventions in Nonacademic Practice Settings: The Case of Retail Pharmacies
pharmaceutical care randomized trial
2014/12/11
Objective. To describe unexpected challenges and strategies to overcome them when conducting randomized controlled trials (RCT) of health services research interventions in retail pharmacies. Study Se...
Aerated drinks increase gastric volume and reduce appetite as assessed by MRI: a randomized, balanced, crossover trial
MRI emptying foam hunger stomach
2018/12/20
Background: Compared with nonaerated, isocaloric controls, aerated foods can reduce appetite throughout an entire dieting day. Increased gastric volumes and delayed emptying are possible but unexplore...
Whole-grain wheat consumption reduces inflammation in a randomized controlled trial on overweight and obese subjects with unhealthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors: role of polyphenols bound to cereal dietary fiber
bioavailability ferulic acid inflammation obesity wholegrain wheat
2018/12/20
Background: Epidemiology associates whole-grain (WG) consumption with several health benefits. Mounting evidence suggests that WG wheat polyphenols play a role in mechanisms underlying health benefits...
A Randomized Trial of Two Print Interventions to Increase Colon Cancer Screening Among First-Degree Relatives
colon cancer screening
2014/12/3
First-degree relatives (FDRs) of people diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a two- to threefold increased risk of developing the same disease. Tailored print interventions based on behavior ch...
Process outcomes from a randomized controlled trial comparing tailored mammography interventions delivered via telephone versus DVD
tailored intervention mammography
2014/12/3
Objective Tailored, interactive mammography-promotion interventions can increase adherence if women are exposed to and find them usable. We compare exposure to and usability of interventions delivered...
Promoting Colorectal Cancer Screening Discussion: A Randomized Controlled Trial
colorectal cancer screening randomized controlled trials
2014/12/3
Background Provider recommendation is a predictor of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Purpose To compare the effects of two clinic-based interventions on patient–provider discussions about CRC scree...
Aerated drinks increase gastric volume and reduce appetite as assessed by MRI: a randomized, balanced, crossover trial
MRI emptying foam hunger stomach
2018/12/20
Background: Compared with nonaerated, isocaloric controls, aerated foods can reduce appetite throughout an entire dieting day. Increased gastric volumes and delayed emptying are possible but unexplore...
Lactate Clearance vs Central Venous Oxygen Saturation as Goals of Early Sepsis Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
sepsis septic shock emergency medicine mortality
2014/11/28
Context Goal-directed resuscitation for severe sepsis and septic shock has been reported to reduce mortality when applied in the emergency department. Objective To test the hypothesis of noninferiorit...
The Chest Pain Choice trial: a pilot randomized trial of a decision aid for patients with chest pain in the emergency department
emergency medicine chest pain acute coronary syndrome
2014/11/28
Background: Chest pain is a common presenting complaint in the emergency department (ED). Despite the frequency with which clinicians evaluate patients with chest pain, accurately determining the risk...
Effectiveness of the Chest Pain Choice decision aid in emergency department patients with low-risk chest pain: study protocol for a multicenter randomized trial
D-dimer pulmonary embolism venous thromboembolism testing
2014/11/28
Background: Chest pain is the second most common reason patients visit emergency departments (EDs) and often results in very low-risk patients being admitted for prolonged observation and advanced car...
Randomized Trial of Tenecteplase or Placebo with Low Molecular Weight Heparin for Acute Submassive Pulmonary Embolism: Assessment of Patient-Oriented Cardiopulmonary Outcomes at Three Months
tenecteplase pulmonary embolism
2014/11/28
Background: Acute submassive pulmonary embolism (PE) with right ventricular (RV) injury and/or concomitant deep venous thrombosis can cause persistent symptoms that degrade quality of life. We tested ...
Prospective, randomized evaluation of a personal digital assistant-based research tool in the emergency department
personal digital assistants data collection emergency department
2014/11/28
Background Personal digital assistants (PDA) offer putative advantages over paper for collecting research data. However, there are no data prospectively comparing PDA and paper in the emergency depart...