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This review article is intended to provide an in-depth analysis of the principles and programs established, as well as problems overcome, that have led to a successful artificial insemination (AI) p...
Annually, >1.3 million men are members of couples seeking help because of infertility. Semen from many of these men contains reasonable numbers of motile and normal sperm, but for a subset of indivi...
To determine how the individual components of extenders affected boar sperm function and membrane structure and to test a new surfactant's cryoprotective ability, boar sperm were cryopreserved in ...
Artificial insemination using cryopreserved semen is a common management tool of the contemporary livestock producer. However, cryopreservation is detrimental to sperm function and fertility, kill...
Epididymal and testicular spermatozoa have been used widely for ICSI among men with obstructive azoospermia and NOA. New aspiration and biopsy techniques are available, and several sperm prepa...
We investigated the effects of antifreeze peptides (AFP) and insulin transferrin selenium (ITS) on the motility and membrane integrity of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) spermatozoa after chilling (0...
Poor motility and abnormal acrosomal morphology only partially explain the reduced fertility of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa. To test the hypothesis that cryopreservation procedures (dilution,...
Cryomicroscopy has enabled direct observation of freezing and thawing of human spermatozoa. When used with a fluorescent viability kit, sperm membrane damage was not apparent down to temperatures of...
Two bioassays were used to evaluate the interaction of fresh and cryopreserved equine semen with oviductal epithelial cells (OEC) and with the zona pellucida (ZP). Split ejaculates were either store...
Bovine spermatozoa are commercially cryopreserved by diluting the cells in media, known as extenders, followed by slow cooling and freezing. Previous work has shown that this process of cryopreser...
Earlier studies on human sperm cryodamage have shown that plasma membrane stress is the primary process and that phospholipid peroxidation in cryopreserved samples is not inhibited by addition of an...
Sperm membrane damage during cryopreservation reduces the recovery of motile sperm. The present study investigates changes in sperm motility and membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) in response to two ...
Human semen was cryopreserved using Human Sperm Preservation Medium, TEST-Yolk buffer, or glycerol alone. Sperm characteristics for each specimen were measured before and after freezing to determine...
Cryopreservation of human sperm, now generally required in donor insemination programs, adversely affects the sperm in terms of standard sperm evaluation parameters and fertilizing ability. The fr...
Techniques for freezing bull sperm developed over the past 40 years have not yielded protocols for preserving sperm from other species. Recent advances in our understanding of cell membrane structur...

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